Josiah a



(Model.)

J. A. LUDLOW & D. GARLOUGH.

HINGE.

No. 348,133. Patented Aug. .24, 1886.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSIAH A. LUDLOV AND DANIEL CARLOUGH, OF PATERSON, NEV JERSEY,

ASSIGNORS OF ONE-THIRD TO JARED T. SEELY, OF SAME PLACE.

HINGE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent N0. 348,133, dated August 24, 1886.

Application filed April 21, ISEO. Serial No. 199,657. (Model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, ,JOSIAH A. LUDLOW and DANIEL GARLGUGH, of thc city of Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful lniprovement in Hinges, of which the following is a spccilication'.

The object of our invent-ion is to provide a new and improved hinge, which is simple in construction, strong and durable, and which shall not project beyond the wood-work or other material in which it is secured, but be perfectly flush with the saine.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts and details, as will be fully described and set forth hereinafter, and then pointed out in the claims.

ln the accompanyingv drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure l is an outside perspective view of our hinge, the same being shown opened. Fig. 2 is an outside face view of the same opened. Fig. 3 is an end View of the same closed. Fig. 4 is an inside face view of the same opened. Fig. 5 is a crossscctional view of the same on the line z z, Fig. 2, the hinge being opened. Fig. 6 is an end view of amodiiication of the hinge, the door to which itis attached being shown closed. Fig. 7 is a like view. the door being open.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in all the iigures.

Hinges are usually formed of two pla-les provided on the adjacent edges with projecting tubular loops for receiving the hinge pivot or pin which unites the two plates, the said tubular loops interlocking when the pin or pivot is passed through them.

Our improved hinge is formed of the two plates B, having the holes B2 for the fasteningscrews p, andthe tubular loops d at the adjacent edges, said loops projecting from theinner faces of the plates-that is, from those faces opposite the ones that rest against the edges of the door or other part to which the hinge is fastened. Through the said loops d the hinge pins or pivots c are passed, one of said pins or pivots c being held in the loops d of each plate B; but the said pins do not connect the two plates B pivotally, as the pins in or- 50 dinary hinges do.

Between the loops d recesses are formed in the adjacent edges of the plates, and at theinner edges of the said recesses the metal of the plates is bent over to form the loops I), which are parallel with the loops d, but arcaslightly greater distance from the adjacentedges of the plates B than the loops d are, as shown in Fig.

4. Pins a are passed through the loops b and through eyes or loops c, formed on the ends of links c, inserted between the endsol' the loops 6o b of each plate. Loops c4 are formed on the adjacent ends ofthe links c, and through the said loops c4 the pin c2 is passed, which projects some distance beyond the ends of the loops c4, and has its ends passed into the slots K, formed in the shanks of a U -shaped frame,

h, provided on the ends of its shanks with the Wingsf, having apertures through which the hinge-pins c are passed.

Between the ends of `the loops cZ'th-e plates 7o B are united by the joint-plate a, which has its ends bent to form pockets or loops through which the hinge-pins e are passed. It more than two loops Z are provided on each plate B, joint-plates a are provided between each two additional loops d of each plate B, said joint-plates a having their ends bent over to forni loops or pockets through which the hinge-pins e are passed, in the saine manner as they are passed through the loops formed 8o on the ends of the plate a, which is only provided at t-he middle of the hinge. The plate a is between the wings f on the ends of the shanks ofthe U-shaped frame h, as shownA in Fig. 2. When the hinge is closed, as shown in Fig. 3, the pin c2, uniting the links e3, is at the outer ends of the slots lc in the shanks of the frame h; but when the hinge is opened the pivot c2 moves through the slots 7c toward the inner ends of the samethat is, toward the 9o loops d. The slots 7s guide the pivot c2, and thus the frame h is at all times midway be tween the two plates B, which insures an even and smooth working of the hinge.

In place of passing the pivot or pin cl through the slots k in the Shanks of the frame h, a pin may be provided to project from the said pivot c'Z through a guideaperture in the cross-piece of the frame la; but we prefer the construction shown.

If desired, the hinge may be so constructed that the loops d project from those faces ofthe IOC) plates B which are to be fastened to the edge of the door, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. In this case the plates B must be provided with slots for the links c, and with slots for receiving the frame h when the hinge is closed. Recesses s are formed between the plates B and the edges of the door and frame. In all other respects the hinge is like the oney described above.

In case our improved hinge is used, the hinged or pivoted edge of the door always moves from the edge or rabbet of the doorframe to which the hinges are fastened, and thus `the hinges are not subjected to any undue twisting or like strains in case the door or its frame sag or settle or warp.

Our improved hinge can be made .in all sizes.

N N represent a door and its frame..

If desired, thejoiut-plate a and theframe h may be made of one piece of metal by prolonging the two sides of said joint-plate a, each provided with slots,asin the Shanks k,and bent down and under to form a box or frame lik@ the frame h.

The hinge as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 illustrates the object of having the loops d so constructed as to form the recesses s, and by varying the size of the recesses s the space between the hinge-plates B may be regulated as desired.

What we secure by the construction shown is the moving of the adjacent edges oftwo hingeplates in conjunction around a common center situated between the -adjacent edges of said hinge-plates and equidistant from the same, whether the leaves of hinge be at rest or in motion. All of which isaccomplished by meansof the sub-hinge or under hinge secured to the under sides of the outer hinge-plates, and by the central piece or frame which forms a guide. The pivot connecting the leaves of the under hinge is directed and held so that when the outer hinge or hingeeproper moves both we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a hinge, the combination, with two plates, each having a hinge-pin parallel with and at the inner edge, of a link pivoted to each hinge-plate, which links are united by a pivot, and of a U -shaped frame mounted on the hingepins of the two plates, and provided with longitudinal slots in its Shanks, through which slots the ends of the pivot uniting the links are passed, serving to guideV the pivot uniting the two above-mentioned links, substantially as herein shown and described. v 2. In a hinge, the combination, with two plates, of j oint-plates pivoted to each plate at the inner edges of said plates, and thus nniting the'plates, links pivoted to the said plates and having their adjacent ends united by a pivot, and of a frame mounted on the hingepins of both plates, at the inner edges of said plates, which frame guides the pivot uniting the links, substantially as herein shown and described.

3. In a hinge, the combination of the hingeplates with a sub-hinge or under hinge secured to the under sides of the outer hinge-plates, and the guiding piece or framel which guides the pivot connecting the leaves of the inner hinge, causing the hinge-plates to move in` unison, all constructed substantiall y as shown and specified.

JOSIAH A. IUDLO\V. DANIEL CARLOUGH.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM RYLE, J AMES H. MESSENGER.V 

